Для багатьох фразові дієслова – це кошмар, який просто потрібно пережити, точніше завчити:)) Але повірте, все не так печально. Тож як краще вчити фразові дієслова?
Існує два способи:
Спосіб 1. Просто запам’ятати
Спосіб 2. Зрозуміти і запам’ятати
Який спосіб ефективніший і чому?
Візьмемо фразове дієслова ask around. Ask around означає “розпитувати різних людей по якомусь питанню”. Наприклад, I asked around, but nobody had seen him for days. Якщо вдуматися, то значення фразового дієслова ask around, випливає зі значень слів ask та around (запитувати кругом).
Нам часто здається, що фразові дієслова потрібно просто завчити, тому що в них немає ніякої логіки. Але повірте, логіка є завжди: значення кожного фразового дієслова випливає зі значень його частин. Як в ask around.
Висновок Як краще вчити фразові дієслова?
Звичайно, спосіб 2 – зрозуміти і запам’ятати – нааабагато ефективніший. Якщо ви щось просто запам’ятовуєте (спосіб 1), то через деякий час забудете. Якщо спочатку зрозумієте (спосіб 2), то запам’ятаєте вивчене надовго.
А зараз давайте вивчимо 25 фразових дієслів, які часто зустрічаються у корпоративній переписці. Також у кінці статті ви можете завантажити таблицю з дієсловами, щоб зажди мати цей матеріал під рукою! 🙂
| Phrasal Verb | Examples | Definition | |
| 1 | to ask around
[розпитувати] |
1. I need a good real estate agent. Could you ask around and see if anyone knows one? | to ask several people for information or advice
|
| 2 | to back somebody up
[підтримати] |
Thanks for backing me up in the meeting. | to give support to someone by tellingother people that you agree with them |
| 3 | to call somebody back
[перетелефонувати] |
We have a bad connection. I’ll call you back in a few minutes. | to return a phone call |
| 4 | to call something off
[відмінити] |
Management is going to call the meeting off because so many people are out sick today. | to cancell |
| 5 | to check in (with someone)
[радитися, узгоджувати] |
As a manager, I feel it’s important to check in with everyone on my team at least once a day. | to talk with someone to ensure things are going okay |
| 6 | to check something out
перевірити[] |
I’m not sure why the copier isn’t working. I’ll check it out.
I’ve been taking loads of photographs, just to check out the camera. |
to look at something carefully, investigate |
| 7 | to come across
[зустріти випадково] |
I was reading last night and I came across a couple of phrasal verbs I had never seen before.
Have you ever come across such a horrible person in all your life? |
to meet someone, or to find something by chance |
| 8 | to count on
[покладатися на когось] |
The whole team was counting on me, and I let them down.
We have a great team. I can count on everyone to do their best. |
to depend on someone to do what you want or expect them to do for you |
| 9 | to cut back on
[зменшити споживання] |
t’s a tough economy. We’re trying to cut back on unnecessary expenses. | to consume less |
| 10 | to cut in
[перебивати] |
Can I cut in and say something, please? | to interrupt |
| 11 | to do away with something
[позбутися] |
A lot of the restrictions on imports have been done away with.
They did away with bonuses last year because their profits were so low. |
to get rid of something; put an end to something |
| 12 | to do something over
[робити заново] |
I can’t believe I closed the document without saving. Now I’m going to have to do the whole thing over. | to do again |
| 13 | to get together
[збиратися] |
This weekend I’m going to get together with some friends from college. | if people get together, they meet in order to do something or to spend time together |
| 14 | to go after
[добиватися] |
If we got their business, they would be our biggest client. I’m really going to go after the account. | to try to achieve something |
| 15 | to go against something
[йти супроти] |
Building a road here would go against the wishes of the localcommunity. | to oppose someone or something |
| 16 | to go over
[переглянути] |
I want to go over last month’s numbers with you. | to review |
| 17 | to hand something in
[здавати] |
I forgot to hand in my expense reports. Now I won’t get reimbursed until next month. All essays must be handed in by Tuesday. | to give something to a person in authority |
| 18 | to hand something out
[роздавати] |
I’ll start explaining the changes while Jason hands out a copy of the new policy. | to distribute the same thing to a group of people |
| 19 | to let someone down
[підвести когось] |
Our suppliers promised us we’d have the shipment yesterday. We still haven’t received our order. They really let us down. | to disappoint; to not help or support |
| 20 | to look something over
[переглянути] |
Could you look over this report to make sure there are no mistakes? | to examine something, usually quickly |
| 21 | to mix something up
[плутати] |
I always mix their names up. Which one is Bob, and which one is Brad? | to confuse two or more things |
| 22 | to not care for something
|
I don’t care for team building activities. I think they are a waste of time. | to not like (formal) |
| 23 | to pass something up
[упустити] |
Don’t pass up on this great opportunity. Place your order today. | to not take advantage of an opportunity |
| 24 | to sort something out
[вирішити проблему] |
There was some confusion with the schedule. No one is sure who is on call this weekend. We’re calling a meeting to sort it out. | to organize or resolve a problem |
| 25 | to use something up
[використати] |
I can’t believe it’s only May and I’ve already used up all my sick days. | to finish the supply |